แม่แบบ:กล่องข้อมูล ลิเทียม
Lithium floating in oil | |||||||||||||||
ลิเทียม | |||||||||||||||
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Pronunciation | /ˈlɪθiəm/ | ||||||||||||||
Appearance | โลหะสีขาวเงิน (ลอยอยู่ในน้ำมัน) | ||||||||||||||
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Li) | |||||||||||||||
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ลิเทียม in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||
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Group | group 1: hydrogen and alkali metals | ||||||||||||||
Period | period 2 | ||||||||||||||
Block | s-block | ||||||||||||||
Electron configuration | [He] 2s1 | ||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 1 | ||||||||||||||
Physical properties | |||||||||||||||
Phase at STP | ของแข็ง | ||||||||||||||
Melting point | 453.65 K (180.50 °C, 356.90 °F) | ||||||||||||||
Boiling point | 1615 K (1342 °C, 2448 °F) | ||||||||||||||
Density (near r.t.) | 0.534 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||
when liquid (at m.p.) | 0.512 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||
Critical point | (extrapolated) 3220 K, 67 MPa | ||||||||||||||
Heat of fusion | 3.00 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | 147.1 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Molar heat capacity | 24.860 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
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Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | 0[2], +1 (a strongly basic oxide) | ||||||||||||||
Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 0.98 | ||||||||||||||
Atomic radius | empirical: 152 pm | ||||||||||||||
Covalent radius | 128±7 pm | ||||||||||||||
Van der Waals radius | 182 pm | ||||||||||||||
Spectral lines of ลิเทียม | |||||||||||||||
Other properties | |||||||||||||||
Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||
Crystal structure | รูปลูกบาศก์กลางตัว | ||||||||||||||
Speed of sound thin rod | 6000 m/s (at 20 °C) | ||||||||||||||
Thermal expansion | 46 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) | ||||||||||||||
Thermal conductivity | 84.8 W/(m⋅K) | ||||||||||||||
Electrical resistivity | 92.8 n Ω⋅m (at 20 °C) | ||||||||||||||
Magnetic ordering | พาราแมกเนติก | ||||||||||||||
Young's modulus | 4.9 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Shear modulus | 4.2 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Bulk modulus | 11 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Mohs hardness | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||
CAS Number | 7439-93-2 | ||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||
Discovery | โยฮัน เอากุสท์ อาร์ฟเวดสัน (1817) | ||||||||||||||
First isolation | วิลเลียม โทมัส แบรนด์ (1821) | ||||||||||||||
Isotopes of ลิเทียม | |||||||||||||||
Template:infobox ลิเทียม isotopes does not exist | |||||||||||||||
อ้างอิง
- ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Lithium". CIAAW. 2009.
- ↑ Li(0) atoms have been observed in various small lithium-chloride clusters; see Milovanović, Milan; Veličković, Suzana; Veljkovićb, Filip; Jerosimić, Stanka (October 30, 2017). "Structure and stability of small lithium-chloride LinClm(0,1+) (n ≥ m, n = 1–6, m = 1–3) clusters". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 19 (45): 30481–30497. doi:10.1039/C7CP04181K. PMID 29114648.