ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "ภาษาอาฟรีกานส์"
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บรรทัด 16:
| iso1 = af|iso2=afr|iso3=afr}}
'''ภาษาแอฟริคานส์''' ({{lang-en|Afrikaans}}) เป็นภาษาใน[[ภาษากลุ่มฟรานโคเนียนล่าง|กลุ่มฟรานโคเนียนล่าง]] มีเค้าโครงมาจาก[[ภาษาดัตช์]] พูดใน[[ประเทศแอฟริกาใต้]]และ[[ประเทศนามิเบีย|นามิเบีย]] เกิดจากการผสมผสานของภาษาดัตช์ ภาษามาเลย์ ภาษาอังกฤษ และภาษาฝรั่งเศส
===Table of characters===
For more on the pronunciation of the below letters, see ''[[Wikipedia:IPA for Dutch and Afrikaans]]''.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Afrikaans letters and pronunciation
|-
! Grapheme !! IPA !! Examples
|-
| a || {{IPA|/ɐ/}}, {{IPA|/ɑː/}} || ''appel'' ('apple') {{IPA|/ɐ/}}, ''tale'' ('languages') {{IPA|/ɑː/}} (Represents {{IPA|/ɐ/}} at word end and before double consonants and {{IPA|/ɑː/}} before single consonant-vowel)
|-
| aa || {{IPA|/ɑː/}} || ''aap'' ('ape')
|-
| aai || {{IPA|/ɑːi/}} || ''draai'' ('turn')
|-
| ai || {{IPA|/aj/}} || ''baie'' ('many', 'much' or 'very')
|-
| b || {{IPA|/b/}}, {{IPA|/p/}} || ''boom'' ('tree'). (Represents {{IPA|/p/}} word-finally).
|-
| c || {{IPA|/s/}}, {{IPA|/k/}} || (found mainly in borrowed words; the former pronunciation occurs before 'e', 'i', or 'y'; featured in the plural form -ici, as in the plural of ''medikus'' (medic), ''medici'')
|-
| ch || {{IPA|/ʃ/}}, {{IPA|/x/}}, {{IPA|/k/}} || ''chirurg'' ('surgeon'; {{IPA|/ʃ/}}, typically 'sj' is used instead), ''chemie'' ('chemistry'; {{IPA|/x/}}), ''chitien'' ('chitin'; {{IPA|/k/}}). Found only in loanwords and proper names
|-
| d || {{IPA|/d/}}|| ''dae'' ('days'), ''dag'' ('day')
|-
| dj || {{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}} || ''djati'' ('teak') (used to transcribe foreign words)
|-
| e || {{IPA|/ɛ/}}, {{IPA|/eə/}}, {{IPA|/ə/}} || ''bed'' ({{IPA|/ɛ/}}), ''ete'' ({{IPA|/eə/}}), ''se'' ({{IPA|/ə/}}, indicates possessive, for example 'Jan se boom', meaning 'John's tree')
|-
| ê || {{IPA|/eː/}}, {{IPA|/ɛː/}} || ''sê'' ('say' or 'says'), ''nê?'' ('yes?' or 'right?'). (Represents {{IPA|/ɛː/}} word-finally)
|-
| ë || {{IPA|/ə/}} || ''oë'' ('eyes')
|-
| ee || {{IPA|/eə/}} || ''weet'' ('know' or 'knows'), ''eet'' ('eat'), ''een'' ('one')
|-
| eeu || {{IPA|/iu/}} || ''sneeu'' ('snow'), ''eeu'', ('century')
|-
| ei || {{IPA|/ɛi/}} || ''Mei'' ('May")
|-
| eu || {{IPA|/eø/}} || ''seun'' ('son' or 'lad')
|-
| f || {{IPA|/f/}} || ''fiets'' ('bicycle')
|-
| g || {{IPA|/x/}}|| ''goed'' ('good'), ''geel'' ('yellow')
|-
| gh || {{IPA|/ɡ/}} || ''gholf'' ('golf'). Used for {{IPA|/ɡ/}} when it is not an allophone of {{IPA|/x/}}; found only in borrowed words
|-
| h || {{IPA|/ɦ/}} || ''hael'' ('hail'), ''hond'' ('dog')
|-
| i || {{IPA|/i/}} || ''kind'' ('child') ''ink'' ('ink')
|-
| {{Not a typo|ie}} || {{IPA|/i/}} || ''iets'' ('something')
|-
| j || {{IPA|/j/}} || ''jonk'' ('young')
|-
| k || {{IPA|/k/}} || ''kat'' ('cat'), ''kan'' ('can' (verb) or 'jug')
|-
| l || {{IPA|/l/}} || ''lag'' ('laugh')
|-
| m || {{IPA|/m/}} || ''man'' ('man')
|-
| n || {{IPA|/n/}} || ''nael'' ('nail')
|-
| ng || {{IPA|/ŋ/}} || ''sing'' ('sing')
|-
| ns || {{IPA|/~s/}} || ''Afrikaans'' ('Afrikaans'). Nasalizes previous vowel followed by an /s/ (''n'' is mute)
|-
| o || {{IPA|/ɔ/}} || ''op'' ('on' or 'up')
|-
| ô || {{IPA|/ɔː/}} || ''môre'' ([[wikt:morrow|'morrow']])
|-
| oe || {{IPA|/u/}} || ''boek'' ('book'), ''koel'' ('cool')
|-
| oei || {{IPA|/ui/}} || ''koei'' ('cow')
|-
| oi || {{IPA|/oj/}} || ''mooi'' ('pretty' or 'beautiful') – Sometimes spelled 'oy' in loanwords and surnames
|-
| oo || {{IPA|/oə/}} || ''oor'' ('ear' or 'over')
|-
| ooi || {{IPA|/ɔːi/}} || ''nooi'' (saying for little girl)
|-
| ou || {{IPA|/ɵu/}} || ''oupa'' ('grand(pa/father), ''koud'' ('cold')
|-
| p || {{IPA|/p/}} || ''pot'' ('pot'), ''pers'' ('purple')
|-
| q || {{IPA|/k/}} || (found only in foreign words with original spelling maintained; typically "k" is used instead)
|-
| r || {{IPA|/r/}} || ''rooi'' ('red')
|-
| s || {{IPA|/s/}} || ''ses'' ('six'), ''stem'' ([[wikt:steven|'steven']])
|-
| sj || {{IPA|/ʃ/}} || ''sjaal'' ('shawl')
|-
| t || {{IPA|/t/}} || ''tafel'' ('table')
|-
| tj || {{IPA|/tʃ/}}, {{IPA|/k/}} || ''tjank'' ('whine like a dog' or 'to cry incessantly'). (The former pronunciation occurs at the beginning of a word and the latter in [[Diminutive#Afrikaans|"-tjie"]])
|-
| u || {{IPA|/œ/}} || ''kus'' ('coast')
|-
| û || {{IPA|/œː/}} || ''brûe'' ('bridges')
|-
| ui || {{IPA|/œj/}} || ''uit'' ('out')
|-
| uu || {{IPA|/y/}} || ''uur'' ('hour')
|-
| v || {{IPA|/f/}} || ''vis'' ('fish'), ''vir'' ('for')
|-
| w || {{IPA|/v/}} || ''water'' ('water')
|-
| x || {{IPA|/ks/}} || ''xifoïed'' ('xiphoid')
|-
| y || {{IPA|/ɛi/}} || ''byt'' ('bite')
|-
| z || {{IPA|/z/}} || ''Zoeloe'' ('Zulu'). Found only in onomatopoeia and loanwords
|}
{{วิกิภาษาอื่น|af}}
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