ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "กลุ่มภาษาอิหร่าน"
เนื้อหาที่ลบ เนื้อหาที่เพิ่ม
บรรทัด 6:
ชื่อของภาษากลุ่มอิหร่านมาจากการที่ผู้พูดภาษากลุ่มนี้เคยอยู่ในที่ราบอิหร่านมาตั้งแต่อดีตกาล
== ตารางเปรียบเทียบ ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.25em;"
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|-
|'''''beautiful'''''
|rind
|rind/delal/cûwan
|{{IPA|ʂkulai/xkulai, ʂɑjista/xɑjista}}
|sharr, soherâ
|ṣəmxâl/ Xəş-nəmâ
|zibâ/ xuš-chehreh
|hučihr, hužihr
|hužihr
|naiba
|vahu-, srîra
|-
|'''''blood'''''
|goyni
|xwîn
|{{IPA|wina}}
|hon
|xun
|xūn
|xōn
|xōn
|
|vohuni
|-
|'''''bread'''''
|nan
|nan
|{{IPA|ɖoɖəi, nəɣɑn}}
|nân, nagan
|nûn
|nân
|nân
|nân
|
|
|-
|'''''bring'''''
|ardene
|anîn/hênan, awirdin/hawirdin
|{{IPA|rɑ wɺ̡əl}}
|âurten, yārag, ārag
|biyârden
|âvardan/biyar
|âwurdan, āwāy-, āwar-, bar-
|āwāy-, āwar-, bar-
|bara-
|bara, bar-
|-
|'''''brother'''''
|bıra
|bira
|{{IPA|wror}}
|brāt, brās
|birâr
|barādar
|brād, brâdar
|brād, brādar
|brâtar
|brâtar-
|-
|'''''come'''''
|amayene
|hatin
|{{IPA|rɑ tləl}}
|āhag, āyag
|Biyamona, enen
|âmadan
|âmadan, awar
|awar, čām
|ây-, âgam
|âgam-
|-
|'''''cry'''''
|berbayene
|girîn
|{{IPA|ʒaɺ̡əl}}
|greewag, greeten
|bərmə/ qâ
|geristan/geryeh
|griy-, bram-
|
|
|
|-
|'''''dark'''''
|tari
|tarî
|{{IPA|tjɑrə}}
|thár
|siyo
|târîk
|târīg/k
|târīg, târēn
|
|sâmahe, sâma
|-
|'''''daughter/girl'''''
|çena
|keç/kîj/kenîşk/dot
|{{IPA|lur}}
|dohtir, duttag
|kijâ/ dether
|doxtar
|duxtar
|duxt, duxtar
|
|duxδar
|-
|'''''day'''''
|roce/roje/roze
|roj
|{{IPA|wradz}}
|roç
|rezh
|rûz
|rōz
|
|raucah-
|
|-
|'''''do'''''
|kerdene
|kirin/kirdin
|{{IPA|kawəl}}
|kanag, kurtin
|hâkerden
|kardan
|kardan
|kartan
|kạrta-
|kәrәta-
|-
|'''''door'''''
|çeber
|derge/derî
|{{IPA|war, daɺ̡a}}
|gelo, darwāzag
|bəli
|dar
|dar
|dar, bar
|duvara-
|dvara-
|-
|'''''die'''''
|merdene
|mirin/mirdin
|{{IPA|mrəl}}
|mireg
|mərnen
|murdan
|murdan
|
|mạriya-
|mar-
|-
|'''''donkey'''''
|her
|ker
|{{IPA|xar}}
|her
|xar
|xar
|xar
|
|
|
|-
|'''''egg'''''
|hak
|hêk/hêlik
|{{IPA|hagəi}}
|heyg, heyk
|merqâna
|toxm
|toxmag, xâyag
|taoxmag, xâyag
|
|taoxma-
|-
|'''''earth'''''
|êrd (''uncertain origin'')
|herd/erd (''uncertain origin'')
|{{IPA|zməka}}
|zemin
|zemi
|zamin
|zamīg
|zamīg
|zam-
|zãm, zam, zem
|-
|'''''evening'''''
|shan
|êvar/êware
|{{IPA|mɑʂɑm/mɑxɑm}}
|begáh
|nəmâşun
|begáh
|sarshab
|êbêrag
|
|
|-
|'''''eye'''''
|çım
|çav/çaw
|{{IPA|stərga}}
|ch.hem, chem
|bəj, Çəş
|chashm
|chašm
|chašm
|čaša-
|čašman-
|-
|'''''father'''''
|pi
|bav/bawk/piya
|{{IPA|plɑr}}
|pit, piss
|piyer
|pedar
|pidar
|pid
|pitar
|pitar
|-
|'''''fear'''''
|ters
|tirs
|{{IPA|vera, tars}}
|turs, terseg
|təşəpaş
|tars
|tars
|tars
|tạrsa-
|tares-
|-
|'''''fiancé'''''
|washte
|dezgîran
|{{IPA|numzɑd}}
|nām zād
|xasgar
|nâm-zad
| -
| -
|
|
|-
|'''''fine'''''
|weş
|xweş/baş
|{{IPA|ʂa/xa}}
|wash, hosh
|xaar
|xosh
|dârmag
|
|
|srîra
|-
|'''''finger'''''
|gisht
|til/qamik/engust
|{{IPA|gwəta}}
|lenkutk, mordâneg
|angoos
|angošt
|angust
|
|
|dišti-
|-
|'''''fire'''''
|adır
|agir/atir
|{{IPA|wor}}
|âch, âs
|tesh
|âtaš, âzar
|âdur, âtaxsh
|ādur
|âç-
|âtre-/aêsma-
|-
|'''''fish'''''
|mase
|masî
|{{IPA|kab}}
|mâhi, mâhig
|mahi
|mâhi
|mâhig
|mâsyâg
|
|masyô, masya
|-
|'''''food / eat'''''
|werdene
|xwarin/xwardin
|{{IPA|xoɺ̡ə / xwaɺ̡əl}}
|warag, warâk
|Xərak/ xəynen
|Gaza / xordan
|parwarz / xwâr, xwardīg
|parwarz / xwâr
|
|hareθra / ad-, at-
|-
|'''''go'''''
|şiyayene
|çûn/çiyin
|{{IPA|tləl}}
|jwzzegh, shutin
|shunen / burden
|raftan
|raftan, shudan
|ay-
|ai-
|ay-, fra-vaz
|-
|'''''god'''''
|heq
|xwedê/xwa
|{{IPA|xwdai}}
|hwdâ
|homa, xəda
|khodâ
|bay, abragar
|
|baga-
|baya-
|-
|'''''good'''''
|rınd
|baş, çak, rind
|{{IPA|ʂə/xə}}
|jawáin, šarr
|xâr
|xub / nîuū
|xūb, nêkog
|
|vahu-
|vohu, vaŋhu-
|-
|'''''grass'''''
|vash
|giya, riwek, şênkatî
|{{IPA|wɑʂə/wɑxə}}
|rem, sabzag
|
|sabzeh, giyâh
|giyâ
|dâlūg
|
|urvarâ
|-
|'''''great'''''
|gırs / pil
|gir, mezin, gewre
|{{IPA|loj, ɣwara}}
|mastar, mazan
|gat, belang, pila
|bozorg
|wuzurg, pīl
|
|vazraka-
|uta-, avañt
|-
|'''''hand'''''
|dest
|dest
|{{IPA|lɑs}}
|dast
|dess
|dast
|dast
|dast
|dasta-
|zasta-
|-
|'''''head'''''
|ser
|ser, kep
|{{IPA|sar, kakaɺ̡ai}}
|saghar
|kalə
|sar, kalleh
|sar
|
|
|
|-
|'''''heart'''''
|zerre
|dil
|{{IPA|zɺ̡ə}}
|dil, hatyr
|dil
|del
|dil
|dil
|
|aηhuš
|-
|'''''horse'''''
|estor
|hesp/esp
|{{IPA|ɑs}}
|asp
|istar
|asp, astar
|asp, stōr
|asp, stōr
|aspa
|aspa-
|-
|'''''house'''''
|keye
|mal, hoz, xanu
|{{IPA|kor, xuna}}
|log, dawâr
|səre
|xâneh
|xânag
|
|
|demâna-, nmâna-
|-
|'''''hunger'''''
|vêşan
|birçîtî/wirsêtî
|{{IPA|lwəʐa/lwəga}}
|shudhagh
|veyshna
|gorosnegi
|gursag, shuy
|
|
|
|-
|'''''language''''' (also '''''tongue''''')
|zıwan / zon
|ziwan/ziman
|{{IPA|ʒəba}}
|zevân, zobân
|ziwân
|zabân
|zuwân
|izβân
|hazâna-
|hizvâ-
|-
|'''''laugh'''''
|huyayene
|kenîn
|{{IPA|xandəl}}
|khendegh, hendeg
|
|xandidan
|xandīdan
|
|karta
|Syaoθnâvareza-
|-
|'''''life'''''
|jewiyaene
|jiyan/jîn
|{{IPA|ʒwandun}}
|zendegih, zind
|
|zendegi
|zīndagīh, zīwišnīh
|žīwahr, žīw-
|
|gaêm, gaya-
|-
|'''''man'''''
|merd
|mêr, piyaw
|{{IPA|saɺ̡ai, meɺ̡ə}}
|merd
|merd
|mard
|mard
|mard
|martiya-
|mašîm, mašya
|-
|'''''moon'''''
|ashmê
|heyv/mang
|{{IPA|spoʐmai/spogmai, mjɑʃt}}
|máh
|mithra
|mâh
|māh
|māh
|mâh-
|måŋha-
|-
|'''''mother'''''
|maye
|dayik, mak
|{{IPA|mor}}
|mât, mâs
|mâr
|mâdar
|mādar
|mādar
|mâtar
|mâtar-
|-
|'''''mouth'''''
|fek
|dev/dem
|{{IPA|xwlə}}
|dap
|
|dahân
|dahân, rumb
|
|
|åŋhânô, âh, åñh
|-
|'''''name'''''
|name
|naw
|{{IPA|num}}
|nâm
|num
|nâm
|nâm
|
|nâman
|nãman
|-
|'''''night'''''
|şewe
|shew, shewn, nutek
|{{IPA|ʃpa}}
|šap, shaw
|sheow
|shab
|shab
|
|xšap-
|xšap-
|-
|'''''open'''''
|akerdene
|vekirin
|{{IPA|prɑnistəl, xlɑsawəl}}
|pabožagh, paç
|vâ-hekârden
|bâz-kardan
|abâz-kardan
|
|būxtaka-
|būxta-
|-
|'''''peace'''''
|kotpy
|aştî
|{{IPA|roɣa}}
|ârâm
|
|âshti, ârâmeš, ârâmî
|âštih, râmīšn
|râm, râmīšn
|šiyâti-
|râma-
|-
|'''''pig'''''
|xoz
|beraz
|{{IPA|xug, seɖar}}
|khug
|xi
|xūk
|xūk
|
|
|varâza (wild pig)
|-
|'''''place'''''
|ja
|cih/şûn
|{{IPA|dzaj}}
|hend, jâgah
|
|jâh/gâh
|gâh
|gâh
|gâθu-
|gâtu-, gâtav-
|-
|'''''read'''''
|wendene
|xwendin
|{{IPA|lwastəl}}
|wánagh
|baxinden
|xândan
|xwândan
|
|
|
|-
|'''''say'''''
|vatene
|gotin/wutin
|{{IPA|wajəl}}
|gushagh
|baotena
|goftan, gap(-zadan)
|guftan, gōw-, wâxtan
|gōw-
|gaub-
|mrû-
|-
|'''''sister'''''
|wae
|xweşk
|{{IPA|xor}}
|gwhâr
|xâxer
|xâhar/xwâhar
|xwahar
|
|
|
|-
|'''''small'''''
|qıc
|piçûk
|{{IPA|kutʃnai, waɺ̡ukai, kam}}
|gwand, hurd
|pətik, bechuk, perushk
|kuchak, kam, xurd, rîz
|kam, rangas
|kam
|kamna-
|kamna-
|-
|'''''son'''''
|qıj
|kur
|{{IPA|zoj}}
|baç, phusagh
|pisser
|pesar, pûr, baça
|pur, pusar
|puhr
|puça
|pūθra-
|-
|'''''soul'''''
|gan
|giyan
|{{IPA|arwɑ}}
|rawân
|
|ravân
|rūwân, gyân
|rūwân, gyân
|
|urvan-
|-
|'''''spring'''''
|usar
|bihar
|{{IPA|psarlai}}
|bhârgâh
|wehâr
|bahâr
|wahâr
|
|vâhara-
|θūravâhara-
|-
|'''''tall'''''
|berz
|bilind/berz
|{{IPA|lwaɺ̡, dʒəg}}
|bwrz, buland
|
|boland / bârez
|buland, borz
|bârež
|
|barez-
|-
|'''''three'''''
|hire
|sê
|{{IPA|dre}}
|sey
|se
|se
|sê
|hrē
|çi-
|θri-
|-
|'''''village'''''
|dewe
|gund, dê
|{{IPA|kəlai}}
|helk, kallag, dê
|deh
|deh, wis
|wiž
|dahyu-
|vîs-, dahyu-
|
|-
|'''''want'''''
|waştene
|xwestin/wîstin
|{{IPA|ɣuʂtəl/ɣuxtəl}}
|lotagh
|bexanen
|xâstan
|xwâstan
|
|
|
|-
|'''''water'''''
|owe
|aw
|{{IPA|obə}}
|âp
|ab
|âb/aw
|âb
|âb
|âpi
|avô-
|-
|'''''when'''''
|key
|kengê/key
|{{IPA|kəla}}
|ked
|
|kay
|kay
|ka
|
|čim-
|-
|'''''wind'''''
|va
|ba
|{{IPA|bɑd}}
|gwáth
|wâ
|bâd
|wâd
|
|
|vâta-
|-
|'''''wolf'''''
|verg
|gur/gurg
|{{IPA|lewə, ʃarmuʂ/ʃarmux}}
|gurkh
|varg
|gorg
|gurg
|
|varka-
|vehrka
|-
|'''''woman'''''
|ceniye
|jin/afret
|{{IPA|ʂədza/xədza}}
|jan
|zhənya
|zan
|zan
|žan
|
|hâīrīšī-, nâirikâ-
|-
|'''''year'''''
|serre
|sal
|{{IPA|kɑl}}
|sâl
|
|sâl
|sâl
|
|θard
|ýâre, sarәd
|-
|'''''yes / no'''''
|ya / né
|erê (bale) (a) / na
|{{IPA|ho (wo) / na, ja}}
|ere / na
|
|baleh (âre) / na
|hâ / ney
|hâ / ney
|yâ / nay, mâ
|yâ / noit, mâ
|-
|'''''yesterday'''''
|vizêri
|duh/dwênê
|{{IPA|parun}}
|zí
|direz
|diruz
|dêrûž
|
|
|-
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![[ภาษาพาร์เทียน]]
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![[ภาษาอเวสตะ]]
|-
|}
== ประวัติ ==
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