ผู้ใช้:Ethan2345678/ทดลองเขียน
หน้านี้ประกอบด้วยแนวปฏิบัติเพื่อให้เกิดความสม่ำเสมอในบทความชีวประวัติและข้อมูลชีวประวัติในบทความอื่น; เพื่อให้วิกิพีเดียใช้ได้ง่ายขึ้น ซึ่งแนวปฏิบัตินี้จะยึดในบทความชีวประวัติ แต่อย่างไรก็ตาม แนวปฏิบัตินี้ก็สามารถใช้ได้กับทุกบทความที่มีการกล่าวถึงบุคคล
สำหรับแนวปฏิบัติโดยสังเขป โปรดดูหน้านี้
ส่วนนำ แก้
The lead section should summarise the life and works of the person with due weight. When writing about controversies in the lead section of a biography, relevant material should neither be suppressed nor allowed to overwhelm: always pay scrupulous attention to reliable sources, and make sure the lead correctly reflects the entirety of the article. Write clinically, and let the facts speak for themselves. These concerns are especially pressing at biographies of living persons.
Well-publicized recent events affecting a subject, whether controversial or not, should be kept in historical perspective. What is most recent is not necessarily what is most noteworthy: new information should be carefully balanced against old, with due weight accorded to each.
When a subject dies, the lead need not be radically reworked; Wikipedia is not a memorial site. Unless the cause of death is itself a reason for notability, a single sentence describing the death is usually sufficient, and often none is included in the lead at all, just a death date.
Opening paragraph Shortcut MOS:OPENPARABIO MoS guidelines for opening paragraphs and lead sentences should generally be followed. The opening paragraph of a biographical article should neutrally describe the person, provide context, establish notability and explain why the person is notable, and reflect the balance of reliable sources.
The first sentence should usually state:
Name(s) and title(s), if any (see also Wikipedia:Naming conventions (royalty and nobility)). Handling of the subject's name is covered below in § First mention. Dates of birth and death, if found in secondary sources (do not use primary sources for birth dates of living persons or other private details about them). For example, 'Chris J. Hamilton (July 6, 1915 – May 23, 2004) was a ...' or 'Pat "Sam" Johnson (born 12 February 2003) is a ...', but see Birth date and place below. Context (location, nationality, etc.) for the activities that made the person notable. One, or possibly more, noteworthy positions, activities, or roles that the person held, avoiding subjective or contentious terms. The main reason the person is notable (key accomplishment, record, etc.) However, try to not overload the first sentence by describing everything notable about the subject; instead, spread relevant information over the lead section.
Birth date and place
Shortcuts MOS:BIRTHDATE MOS:BIRTHPLACE Further information: WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers § Dates of birth and death The opening paragraph should usually have dates of birth and (when applicable) death. These dates (specific day–month–year) are important information about the subject, but if they are also mentioned in the body, the vital year range (in brackets after the person's full name) may be sufficient to provide context. For living persons, privacy should be considered (see WP:BLPPRIVACY, which takes precedence). Birth and death places, if known, should be mentioned in the body of the article, and can appear in the lead if relevant to notability, but not in the opening brackets alongside the birth and death dates.
Birth and death labels are included only when needed for clarity. When given, use full words, whether immediately preceding a date or not:
William Alexander Spinks Jr. (1865–1933) was an American professional player of carom billiards in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. – no need for labels, and specific dates are in the article body Gro Harlem Brundtland (... born Gro Harlem; 20 April 1939) is a Norwegian politician ... – "born" label used to introduce birth name For an approximate date or range of dates, use c. (abbreviation for circa); at first occurrence this should be done with the template ป. a.k.a. ป., which explains the abbreviation: c. 1457. When the only date known for a historical subject is a date (or range) when they were alive, fl. for floruit (Latin for 'he/she flourished') is used; at first occurrence the fl. a.k.a. fl. template produces similar output: fl. 1432.
For full details on how to format simple and complex dates and ranges, see WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers § Chronological items.
Beyond the first paragraph of the lead section, birth and death details should only be included after a name if there is special contextual relevance. Abbreviations like b. and d. can be used, if needed, when space is limited (e.g., in a table) and when used repetitively (e.g., in a list of people).
Context Shortcuts MOS:CONTEXTBIO MOS:ETHNICITY "WP:ETHNICITY" redirects here. You may be looking for WP:WikiProject Anthropology, WP:WikiProject Sociology, or WP:Race and ethnicity. The opening paragraph should usually provide context for the activities that made the person notable. In most modern-day cases, this will be the country, region, or territory, where the person is a citizen, national, or permanent resident; or, if the person is notable mainly for past events, where the person was a citizen, national, or permanent resident when the person became notable. For guidance on historic place name versus modern-day names, see WP:MODERNPLACENAME.
Ethnicity, religion, or sexuality should generally not be in the lead unless it is relevant to the subject's notability. Similarly, previous nationalities or the place of birth should not be mentioned in the lead unless relevant to the subject's notability.[a]
Positions and roles Shortcut MOS:ROLEBIO The lead sentence should describe the person as they are commonly described in reliable sources.
The noteworthy position(s) or role(s) the person held should usually be stated in the opening paragraph. However, avoid overloading the lead paragraph with various and sundry roles; instead, emphasize what made the person notable. Incidental and non-noteworthy roles (i.e. activities that are not integral to the person's notability) should usually not be mentioned in the lead paragraph.[b]
Offices, titles, and positions, should accompany a name only if contextually relevant, and if common nouns, should not be capitalized. For particulars on different types of titles, see § Positions, offices, and occupational titles, below.
Wherever possible, avoid defining a notable person, particularly in the title or first sentence, in terms of their relationships. Generally speaking, notability is not inherited; e.g. a person being the spouse or child of another notable person does not make that person notable.
Examples Cleopatra VII Philopator (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ; 69 – August 12, 30 BC), was queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, and its last active ruler. Francesco Petrarca (Italian: [franˈtʃesko peˈtrarka]; July 20, 1304 – July 19, 1374), commonly anglicized as Petrarch (/ˈpiːtrɑːrk, ˈpɛ-/), was a scholar and poet of Renaissance Italy, who was one of the earliest humanists. Cesar Estrada Chavez (March 31, 1927 – April 23, 1993) was an American labor leader and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association, which later became the United Farm Workers (UFW) ... François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 1916 – 8 January 1996) was a French statesman who was President of France from 1981 to 1995, ...
ชื่อ แก้
Most of the examples throughout this section illustrate usage in the title sentence, but are generally applicable to personal names in any encyclopedic text unless the advice provided is explicitly about the lead section at the subject's own biographical article.
Text formatting Shortcut MOS:NAMEFMT Standard English-language text formatting and capitalization rules apply to the names of individuals and groups, such as bands, troupes, teams/squads, and families.[c] Example: in running text, the team is the Miami Heat, not The Miami Heat, except at the beginning of a sentence.[d] (See also: WP:Manual of Style/Trademarks; WP:Manual of Style/Capital letters § Institutions; WP:Manual of Style/Capital letters § Proper names).
การกล่าวถึงครั้งแรก แก้
Shortcuts MOS:BIRTHNAME MOS:FULLNAME While the article title should generally be the name by which the subject is most commonly known, the subject's full name, if known, should usually be given in the lead sentence (including middle names, if known, or middle initials). Many cultures have a tradition of not using the full name of a person in everyday reference, but the article should start with the complete version in most cases. For example:
From Fidel Castro: Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (August 13, 1926 – November 25, 2016) ... From Muammar Gaddafi: Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi (Arabic: معمر محمد أبو منيار القذافي; /ˈmoʊ.əmɑːr ɡəˈdɑːfi/; c. 1942 – 20 October 2011) ...
บุคคลที่มีการเปลี่ยนชื่อ แก้
Shortcuts MOS:CHANGEDNAME MOS:MULTIPLENAMES MOS:MULTINAMES In some cases, a subject may have changed their full name at some point after birth. In these cases, the birth name may be given in the lead as well, if relevant:[e]
From Jack Benny: Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky; February 14, 1894 – December 26, 1974) ... From Bill de Blasio: Bill de Blasio (/dɪˈblɑːzioʊ/; born Warren Wilhelm Jr.; May 8, 1961) ... In other cases, a subject may have changed name multiple times.[f] Multiple former names may be mentioned in the lead, boldfaced if they redirect to the article. However, it is not always appropriate to list every previous name of a subject, only the birth name and those that were in use during the period of notability:
Bill de Blasio (born Warren Wilhelm Jr.; May 8, 1961) is a politician .... He was briefly known as Warren de Blasio-Wilhelm ... The names should be distributed throughout the lead to mark major transitions in the subject's life:
Augustus (63 BC – 14 AD) was a Roman emperor .... He was born Gaius Octavius Thurinus into a wealthy family .... He assumed the name Octavian after his adoption ... A person named in an article of which they are not the subject should be referred to by the name they used at the time being described in the article. For example, Pope John Paul I was known as Albino Luciani before he was elevated to the papacy, so material about the time before he became pope should use the name Albino Luciani. In some cases, it is helpful to the reader to clarify, e.g., Albino Luciani (later to become Pope John Paul I). The principle of avoiding anachronistic naming is also usually employed in the subject's own biography (including that of John Paul I), especially when the article is no longer a short stub.
Shortcuts MOS:NE MOS:NEE If a subject changed their surname (last name) for whatever reason (e.g., marriage, adoption, personal preference), then their surname at birth should generally also be given in the lead. Editors may denote this with "born" followed by the subject's surname or full name; for name changes due to marriage, they may also use née (feminine) and né (masculine) followed by the surname, provided the term is linked at first occurrence. The templates nee and ne provide this linking and do not require typing the é character.
Some practical examples:
From Courtney Love: Courtney Michelle Love (née Harrison; born July 9, 1964) is an American singer, songwriter, actress ... From Jack White: John Anthony White (né Gillis; born July 9, 1975) is an American musician, singer, songwriter ... From Barbara Flynn: Barbara Flynn (born Barbara Joy McMurray; 5 August 1948) is an English actress ... From Marion Worth: Marion Worth (born Mary Ann Ward; July 4, 1930 – December 19, 1999) was an American country music singer ... Specific guidelines apply to living transgender and non-binary people (see § Gender identity, below).
ชื่อย่อ แก้
See also: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (people) § Middle names and initials Shortcuts MOS:INITIALS MOS:SPACEINITS Use initials in a personal name[g] only if the name is commonly written that way.
An initial is capitalized and is followed by a full point (period) and a space (e.g. J. R. R. Tolkien), unless:
the person demonstrably has a different, consistently preferred style for his or her own name; and an overwhelming majority of reliable sources use that variant style for that person. In such a case, treat it as a self-published name change. Examples include k.d. lang, CC Sabathia, and CCH Pounder.
In article text, a space after an initial (or an initial and a full point) and before another initial should be a non-breaking space: J. R. R. Tolkien (or use the template). This also works inside links: J. R. R. Tolkien, though only with markup, not the template.
Initials in other languages are sometimes treated differently from usual English practice. For example, a name beginning with two letters representing a single sound is treated as a single two-character initial in some European languages (e.g., Th. for Theophilus), and hyphenated given names are sometimes abbreviated with the hyphen (J.-P. for Jean-Pierre). If reliable sources consistently use such a form for a particular person, use it on Wikipedia as well.
Avoid formerly common multi-letter abbreviations used in English as a shorthand in letter-writing, genealogies, etc. (examples: Geo. = George; Jno. = John; Jna. = Jonathan; Thos. = Thomas; Jas. = James, Chas. = Charles), except in quotations and as they survive in trademarks (Geo. Hall & Sons). E.g., refer to the author as George W. Proctor, though some of his books have Geo. W. Proctor on the cover (the alternative form should redirect to his article).
With initials, it is not necessary to spell out why the article title and lead paragraph give a different name. For example, H. P. Lovecraft has that title, H. P. Lovecraft appears in his infobox, and his lead sentence just gives Howard Phillips Lovecraft ... was an American writer ..., without "explaining" to the reader what "H. P." stands for. Initials are not nicknames; do not put them in quotation marks or insert them in mid-name, as in John Thomas Smith better known as "J. T." Smith or John Thomas (J. T.) Smith.
อิสริยยศ แก้
Shortcuts MOS:JR MOS:SR MOS:REGNAL MOS:JUNIOR MOS:JRSR "MOS:SR" redirects here. For style guidelines regarding self-references in articles, see MOS:SELFREF. See also: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (people) § Junior/Senior – the Younger/the Elder – Ordinals Using Jr., Sr., or other such distinctions as a disambiguation technique is advised only for cases in which the name with the suffix is well-attested in reliable sources. Otherwise, explain in longer form which party is meant, e.g. The younger Jackson was elected mayor of Wolverham in 1998.
Omission of the comma before Jr. or Sr. (or variations such as Jnr) is preferred.
In running text, in the unusual case that a comma is used before the suffix, then a comma (or equivalent[h]) is also placed after it (Neil Brown, Jr., is an American actor; but prefer Neil Brown Jr. is an American actor).
When the surname is shown first, the suffix follows the given name, as Kennedy, John F. Jr.[i] When the given name is omitted, omit the suffix—Kennedy, not Kennedy Jr.—except where the context requires disambiguation.
Do not place a comma before a Roman numeral name suffix, whether it is patronymic or regnal: use Otis D. Wright II, not Otis D. Wright, II.
The French fils ('son') and père ('father') can be used for subjects for whom this usage is typical in English-language works: Alexandre Dumas fils. These terms are not capitalized.
See § People with the same surname for an additional usage note.
==นามแฝง ชื่อการแสดง ชื่อเล่น และ ชื่อทั่วไป==
Shortcuts MOS:PSEUDONYM MOS:HYPOCORISM MOS:LEGALNAME MOS:NICKNAME For people who are best known by a pseudonym, the legal name should usually appear first in the article, followed closely by the pseudonym. Follow this practice even if the article itself is titled with the pseudonym:
Louis Bert Lindley Jr. (June 29, 1919 – December 8, 1983), better known by the stage name Slim Pickens Investigation in reliable sources may be needed to determine whether a subject known usually by a pseudonym has actually changed their legal name to match (e.g., Reginald Kenneth Dwight formally changed his name to Elton Hercules John early in his musical career). Where this is not the case, and where the subject uses a popular form of their name in everyday life, then care must be taken to avoid implying that a person who does not generally use all their forenames or who uses a familiar form has actually changed their name. Do not write, for example:
John Edwards (born Johnny Reid Edwards, June 10, 1953). It is not always necessary to spell out why the article title and lead paragraph give a different name. If a person has a common English-language hypocorism (diminutive or abbreviation) used in lieu of a given name,[j] it is not presented between quotation marks or parentheses within or after their name. Example:
Use: William Henry Gates III Avoid: William Henry "Bill" Gates III For any kind of alternative name, use formulations like the following (as applicable):
Timothy Alan Dick (born June 13, 1953), known professionally as Tim Allen Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi (c. 1445 – May 17, 1510), better known as Sandro Botticelli Ariadna Thalía Sodi Miranda (born 26 August 1971), known mononymously as Thalía If a person is known by a nickname used in lieu of or in addition to a given name, and it is not a common hypocorism[j] of one of their names, or a professional alias, it is usually presented between double quotation marks following the last given name or initial. The quotation marks are not put in lead-section boldface. Example:
From Bunny Berigan: Roland Bernard "Bunny" Berigan. From Tina Fey: Elizabeth Stamatina "Tina" Fey. A nickname can eventually become a professional alias, even the most common name for a person. Such a case loses the quotation marks, other than in the subject's lead section if introducing the nickname in mid-name. If the nickname is dominant (in general or in a particular context) it can often be used in other articles without further elaboration. Example:
From Magic Johnson: Earvin "Magic" Johnson Jr. (born August 14, 1959) is ... In the article (and in other articles) use: Magic Johnson left Michigan State after his sophomore season to enter the NBA draft. Dr. Ruth and Dr. Drew (covered in more detail in § Academic or professional titles and degrees, below) are trademarks; though they originated as informal nicknames, they do not require quotation marks.
If a nickname is used in place of the subject's entire name, it is usually given separately:
Alphonse Gabriel Capone ... sometimes known by the nickname "Scarface". Shortcut MOS:NICKNAMETHE A leading "the" is not capitalized in a nickname, pseudonym, or other alias (except when the alias begins a sentence[d]):
Use: Jack "the Assassin" Tatum; or: Jack Tatum, nicknamed "the Assassin" Avoid: Jack "The Assassin" Tatum; and: Jack Tatum, nicknamed "The Assassin" Nicknames should not be re-presented with additional name parts unless necessary for usage clarity.
Use: Earl "the Pearl" Strickland; or: Earl Strickland, nicknamed "Earl the Pearl" Avoid: Earl Strickland, nicknamed "Earl the Pearl" Strickland Shortcut MOS:NICKCRUFT Common nicknames, aliases, and variants are usually given in boldface in the lead, especially if they redirect to the article, or are found on a disambiguation page or hatnote and link from those other names to the article. Boldface is not needed for obscure ones or a long list, and those that are not well known to our readers may not need to be in the lead at all.[k]
Use: Genghis Khan or Chinggis Khaan (born Temüjin; c. 1162 – August 18, 1227) was the founder of the Mongol Empire. Avoid: Genghis Khan or Chinggis Khaan (Mongolian: Чингис хаан, romanized: Çingis hán; Chinese: 成吉思汗; pinyin: Chéngjísī Hán; Wade–Giles: Ch'eng2-chi2-szu1 Han4; c. 1162 – August 18, 1227), born Temüjin (Тэмүжин Temüjin; traditional Chinese: 鐵木真; simplified Chinese: 铁木真; pinyin: Tiěmùzhēn; Wade–Giles: T'ieh3-mu4-chen1), was the founder of the Mongol Empire. Excessive foreign language details can make the lead sentence difficult to understand. Use: Joseph John Aiuppa (December 1, 1907 – February 22, 1997), also known as "Joey O'Brien" and later as "Joey Doves", was a Chicago mobster. Avoid: Joseph John Aiuppa (December 1, 1907 – February 22, 1997), also known as "Joey O'Brien", "Joey O.", "O'Brien", "Joey Doves'", "Joey the Doves", and "Mourning Doves", was a Chicago mobster. The various nicknames are mostly how other mobsters—not so much the reliable sources—referred to Joey Aiuppa, and only two of them were widely reported, the rest being minor variants. Shortcut MOS:BADNICK Nicknames and other aliases included must be frequently used by reliable sources in reference to the subject. For example, a sports journalist's one-off reference to a player as "the Atlanta panther" in purple prose does not constitute a nickname, and treating it as one is original research. Highlighting uncommon or disputed appellations in the lead section gives them undue weight, and may also be a more general neutrality problem if the phrase is laudatory or critical. Example: "Tricky Dick" does not appear in the lead of Richard Nixon; this label by his political opponents is covered, with context, in the article body. Nicknames that are sourceable but not generally known to the public (e.g., a childhood nickname, a hypocorism only used in private life, or a term of spousal endearment revealed in an in-depth biographical book) are not encyclopedic.
Do not cram multiple hypocorisms and nicknames into the name in the lead sentence; complicated naming should be explained separately.
Poor, confusing example: William Emery "Emory, Spunk" Sparrow (September 15, 1897 – February 2, 1965) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward.... Clear rewrite: William Emery Sparrow (September 15, 1897 – February 2, 1965) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward.... As a professional player, he spelled his name Emory, and was commonly known by the nickname Spunk Sparrow. (The article title is Emory Sparrow, already establishing that as the common, primary name.) Families Main page: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (families) See also: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography § Text formatting Royal surnames See also: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (royalty and nobility) Only incorporate surnames in the opening line of royal biographies if they are known and if they are in normal use. But do not automatically presume that the name of a royal house is the personal surname of its members. In many cases it is not. For visual clarity, articles on monarchs should generally begin with the form "{name} {ordinal if appropriate} (full name – but without surname; birth and death dates, if applicable)", and articles on other royals should generally begin with the form "{royal title} {name} {ordinal if appropriate} (full name – including surname if known; birth and death dates, if applicable)"; in both cases with the full name and dates information unformatted, but the title, name and ordinal that are outside the parenthesis, in bold. Using this format displays the most important information clearly without an unattractive excess of formatting. Other information on royal titles should be listed where appropriate in chronological order.
การใช้ชื่อในบทความ แก้
MOS:SURNAME MOS:LASTNAME MOS:FAMILYNAME MOS:MRS MOS:MR MOS:MS MOS:MISS After the initial mention, a person should generally be referred to by surname only – without an honorific prefix such as "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Ms.", "Miss", or "Mx", and without academic or professional prefixes like "Dr.", "Prof.", "Rev.", etc. – or may be referred to by a pronoun. For example:
Fred Smith was a Cubist painter in the early 20th century. He moved to Genoa, where he met singer Gianna Doe. Smith and Doe later married. However, where a person does not have a surname but a patronymic (like many Icelanders, some Mongols, and those historical persons who are known by names-and-patronymics instead of surnames), then the proper form of reference is usually the given name. (See also § Country-specific usage, below.) For example:
Iceland's 24th prime minister was Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir. Jóhanna was elected to the Althing in 1978.
Generally speaking, subjects should not otherwise be referred to by their given name; exceptions include royalty, e.g. Prince Charles or Charles. Any subject whose surname has changed should be referred to by their most commonly used name. If their most commonly used name includes their earlier surname, and you're discussing a period of their life before the surname change, refer to them by their prior surname. In other words, when discussing the early lives of Hillary and Bill Clinton, use "Rodham met Clinton while they were students at Yale", referring to Hillary using her then-current surname.
A member of the nobility may be referred to by title if that form of address would have been the customary way to refer to him or her; for example Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, may become the Earl of Leicester, the Earl, or just Leicester (if the context is clear enough) in subsequent mentions. For modern-day nobility it is better to use name and title; at some time in the future the Prince of Wales will be a different person than Charles, Prince of Wales, and a great many articles risk becoming out of date. Be careful not to give someone a title too soon; for example, one should use Robert Dudley or Dudley when describing events before his elevation to the peerage in 1564.
When a majority of reliable secondary sources refer to persons by a pseudonym, they should be subsequently referred to by their pseudonymous surnames, unless they do not include a recognizable surname in the pseudonym (e.g. Sting, Snoop Dogg, the Edge), in which case the whole pseudonym is used. For people well known by one-word names, nicknames, or pseudonyms, but who often also use their legal names professionally – e.g., André Benjamin ("André 3000"), Jennifer Lopez ("J.Lo"); doctor/broadcaster Drew Pinsky ("Dr. Drew") – use the legal surname. If they use their mononym or pseudonym exclusively, then use that name (e.g. Aaliyah, Selena, Usher, and Madonna).
For fictional entities, use common names. For example, Jason, Luigi, and Wesker.
การใช้ในบางวัฒนธรรม แก้
See also: Category:Hatnote templates for names Shortcuts MOS:GIVENNAME MOS:PATRONYMIC Burmese names are personal names that consist of one or more words, with no patronymic or surname. Always use the full form of the person's name. (See Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Burmese).) Ethiopian and Eritrean people are almost always referred to by their given name as they do not have a family name. There are some rare exceptions to this: where the person—usually a member of the later generations of the Eritrean diaspora or Ethiopian diaspora—has adopted the patronymic as a formal family name. Consider using the template แม่แบบ:Patronymic name. Icelandic people with patronymics (which is most of them) may be referred to by their given name or their given name and patronymic, but not by their patronymic alone. Consider using แม่แบบ:Icelandic name. Japanese historical (and some modern) figures may be conventionally known by either their family (clan) name and their given name or their given name only but not their family name only. In Southeast and South Asia, many people use only a personal name, which may be followed by a patronymic; in such cases, they should be referred to by their personal name. Mongolian people are referred to by their given name, with their patronymic placed in front of it, usually in genitive case. There are no family names. For more details, see Mongolian name and Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Mongolian); consider placing ในบทความนี้นามสกุลคือ {{{1}}} . Spanish and Portuguese naming customs generally call for one or more given names followed by a patronymic then a matronymic (and the latter two may be separated by y or another article). In most cases, the common name of such a person lacks the matronymic. Consider using ในบทความนี้นามสกุลคือ {{{1}}} or แม่แบบ:Portuguese name. Thai people are almost always known and addressed by their first name (i.e. given name). Hence, on second and subsequent mentions, they should be referred to by first name alone. In Vietnamese names, given names also take priority over family names. The given name, not the surname, should be used to refer to the person. The given name is nevertheless placed after the family name, following the East Asian naming scheme, even when written about in English. See also Wikipedia:Categorization of people § Sort by surname, on the proper sorting of these names.
บุคคลที่มีนานสกุลเหมือนกัน แก้
Shortcut MOS:SAMESURNAME To distinguish between people with the same surname in the same article or page, use given names or complete names to refer to each of the people upon first mention. For subsequent uses, refer to them by their given names for clarity and brevity. When referring to the person who is the subject of the article, use just the surname unless the reference is part of a list of family members or if use of the surname alone will be confusing. This applies to minors as well as adults.[l] While citations and bibliographies should use full names even in subsequent mentions (if full names are the style for citations and bibliographies in the article), the body of an article should not unless confusion could result.
For example, in the text of an article on Ronald Reagan:
Correct: Ronald and Nancy Reagan arrived separately, Ronald by helicopter and Nancy by car. Correct: The Reagans arrived separately, Ronald by helicopter and Nancy by car. Redundant: Ronald and Nancy Reagan arrived separately; Ronald Reagan by helicopter and Nancy Reagan by car. In the text of an article about the Brothers Grimm:
Correct: Jacob Grimm was 14 months older than his brother Wilhelm. Redundant: Jacob Grimm was 14 months older than his brother Wilhelm Grimm. Individuals distinguished with a generational suffix can be written about in Forename Suffix style to disambiguate from other family members in the same article: William Sr., John Jnr, James III. No comma is used in these short constructions.
If an article about a person mentions another person with the same surname who is not related by family or marriage, subsequent mentions of the other person should use the full name:
Correct: Andrea Dworkin was the subject of biographical writing by Ronald Dworkin In an article that is not about either unrelated person with the same surname, continue to refer to them both by their full names. Source citations, bibliographies, and in-text attributions usually include names of authors and others. Consider them when checking for people with the same surname.