This image is in the public domain because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain in its source country for the following reason:
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
The copyright situation of this work is theoretically uncertain, because in the country of origin copyright lasts 70 years after the death of the author, and the date of the author's death is unknown. However, the date of creation of the work was over 120 years ago, and it is thus a reasonable assumption that the copyright has expired (see here for the community discussion). Do not use this template if the date of death of the author is known.
โปรดทราบว่าบางประเทศมีข้อกำหนดเรื่องการคุ้มครองลิขสิทธิ์นานกว่า 70 ปี เช่น เม็กซิโก 100 ปี, จาเมกา 95 ปี, โคลอมเบีย 80 ปี, กัวเตมาลาและซามัว 75 ปี ภาพนี้อาจไม่เป็นสาธารณสมบัติในประเทศเหล่านี้ซึ่ง งานลิขสิทธิ์อาจขยายไปในผลงานที่สร้างขึ้นโดยชาวฝรั่งเศสที่เสียชีวิตในประเทศฝรั่งเศสจากเหตุการณ์สงครามโลกครั้งที่สอง (ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม), ชาวรัสเซียที่ทำหน้าที่ในแนวรบด้านตะวันออกในสงครามโลกครั้งที่สอง (หรือเรียกอย่างหนึ่งว่า สงครามต้อต้านความรักชาติอันยิ่งใหญ่ของรัสเซีย) และการพักฟื้นผู้เสียหายจากการถูกจองจำในสหภาพโซเวียต (ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม)
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse
The original itself is in the public domain in the United States for the following reason:
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
This work is in the public domain in Russia according to article 1281 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, articles 5 and 6 of Law No. 231-FZ of the Russian Federation of December 18, 2006 (the Implementation Act for Book IV of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
This usually means that one of the following conditions is fulfilled.
The author of this work died:[1]
(a) before January 1, 1942 or
(b) between January 1, 1942 and January 1, 1946, did not work during the Great Patriotic War and did not participate in it.
This work was originally published anonymously or under a pseudonym:
(a) before January 1, 1943 and the name of the author did not become known during 50 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication, or
(b) between January 1, 1943 and January 1, 1946, and the name of the author did not become known during 70 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication.
This work is a film (a video fragment or a single shot from it):
(a) which was first shown before January 1, 1943[2] or
(b) which was created by legal entity between January 1, 1929 and January 1, 1946, provided that it was first shown in the stated period or was not shown until August 3, 1993.
This work is an information report (including photo report), which was created by an employee of TASS, ROSTA, or KarelfinTAG as part of that person’s official duties between July 10, 1925[3] and January 1, 1946, provided that it was first released in the stated period or was not released until August 3, 1993.
This work is in the public domain in the United States, because it was in the public domain in its home country (Russia) on the URAA date (January 1, 1996), and it wasn't re-published for 30 days following initial publications in the U.S.
[1] If the author of this work was subjected to repression and rehabilitated posthumously, copyright term is counted from January 1 of the year following the year of rehabilitation. If the work was first published after the death (posthumous rehabilitation) of the author, copyright term is counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication, provided that the work was published within 50 years after the death of the author who died (and was not posthumously rehabilitated) before January 1, 1943, or within 70 years after the death (posthumous rehabilitation) of the author who died (rehabilitated posthumously) between January 1, 1943 years before January 1, 1946. [2] Amateur films which were first shown on January 1, 1943 or later are subjects of points 1-2 of this template.
[3]ROSTA reports created before July 10, 1925 are subjects of points 1-2 of this template.
This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate {{PD-old}} tag instead. For usage, see Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag.
Note: This tag applies to scans and photocopies only. For photographs of public domain originals taken from afar, {{PD-Art}} may be applicable. See Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag.
Александр II — Император и Самодержец Всероссийский (1855—1881 г.г.), Царь Польский (1855—1881 г.г.) и Великий князь Финляндский (1855—1881 г.г.). Фотография 1878-го г. или 1881-го г.
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