ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "ผู้ใช้:Thastp/ทดลองเขียน3"

=== บทนิยาม ===

{{ดูเพิ่มที่|บทนิยามของอนาธิปไตยและอิสรนิยม}}

 

[[ไฟล์:Le libertaire 25.png|thumb|left|250px|The 17 August 1860 edition of French [[libertarian communist]] publication ''[[Le Libertaire]]'' edited by [[Joseph Déjacque]]]]

 

[[File:Noam chomsky cropped.jpg|thumb|[[Noam Chomsky]] is one of the most well-known contemporary libertarian socialist thinkers.]]

 

In a chapter of his ''Economic Justice and Democracy'' (2005) recounting the history of libertarian socialism, economist [[Robin Hahnel]] relates that the period where libertarian socialism has had its greatest impact was at the end of the 19th century through the first four decades of the 20th century. According to Hahnel, "libertarian socialism was as powerful a force as [[social democracy]] and [[communism]]" in the early 20th century. The [[Anarchist St. Imier International]], referred by Hahnel as the Libertarian International, was founded at the 1872 [[Congress of St. Imier]] a few days after the split between Marxist and libertarians at [[Hague Congress (1872)|The Hague Congress]] of the [[First International]], referred by Hahnel as the Socialist International. This Libertarian International "competed successfully against social democrats and communists alike for the loyalty of anticapitalist activists, revolutionaries, workers, unions and political parties for over fifty years". For Hahnel, libertarian socialists "played a major role in the Russian revolutions of [[Russian Revolution (1905)|1905]] and [[Russian Revolution (1917)|1917]]. Libertarian socialists played a dominant role in the [[Mexican Revolution]] of 1911. Twenty years after World War I was over, libertarian socialists were still strong enough to spearhead the [[Spanish Revolution of 1936|social revolution that swept across Republican Spain]] in 1936 and 1937".<ref>Hahnel, Robin (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CI5d2CpL60oC ''Economic Justice and Democracy'']. Routledge Press. p. 138. {{ISBN|0-415-93344-7}}.</ref> On the other hand, a [[Libertarian Marxism|libertarian trend]] also developed within [[Marxism]] which gained visibility around the late 1910s mainly in reaction against [[Bolshevism]] and [[Leninism]] rising to power and establishing the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>[[Hal Draper|Draper, Hal]] (1971). [https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/srv/article/view/5333 "The Principle of Self-Emancipation in Marx and Engels"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723070247/https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/srv/article/view/5333|date=23 July 2011}}. ''The Socialist Register''. '''4''': 81–109. Retrieved 5 January 2019.</ref><ref>Screpanti, Eresto (1 July 2007). ''Libertarian Communism: Marx Engels and the Political Economy of Freedom''. London: Palgrave Macmillan. {{ISBN|978-0230018969}}.</ref><ref>[[Herman Gorter|Gorter, Herma]]; [[Anton Pannekoek|Pannekoek, Anton]]; [[Sylvia Pankhurst|Pankhurst, Sylvia]]; Ruhl, Otto (31 October 2007). ''Non-Leninist Marxism: Writings on the Workers Councils''. St. Petersburg, Florida: Red and Black Publishers. {{ISBN|978-0979181368}}.</ref> Libertian socialists argue these states were in the process of transitioning from capitalism to socialism following Leninist doctrine and never reached further stages of development.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Rothenberg|first=Mel|year=1995|title=Lenin on the State|journal=Science & Society|volume=59|issue=3|pages=418–436|jstor=40403511|issn=0036-8237}}</ref> Libertarian socialists seek the abolition of the state without going through a state capitalist transitionary stage.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kinna|first=Ruth|year=2012|chapter=Introduction|editor-last1=Kinna|editor-first1=Rith|editor-last2=Pinta|editor-first2=Saku|editor-last3=Prichard|editor-first3=Alex|title=Libertarian Socialism: Politics in Black and Red|location=Basingstoke|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|pages=1–16|isbn=978-0-230-28037-3}}</ref>