ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "กาเรล ชาเปก"

the mid-1930s, Čapek had become "an outspoken anti-fascist".<ref name="js" /> His most productive years were during the [[History of Czechoslovakia (1918–1938)|The First Republic of Czechoslovakia]] (1918–1938). He wrote ''Talks with T. G. Masaryk''<ref>{{google books|e-udK8SWIQEC|Talks with T. G. Masaryk}}</ref>&nbsp;– [[Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk|Masaryk]] was a Czechoslovak patriot, the first [[President of Czechoslovakia]], and a regular guest at Čapek's "[[Friday Men]]" [[Garden party|garden parties]] for leading Czech intellectuals. Čapek was also a member of Masaryk's ''[[Hrad (politics)|Hrad]]'' political network. This extraordinary relationship between the writer and the political leader may be unique. He also became a member of [[International PEN]] and established, and was first president of, the Czechoslovak Pen Club.<ref>Derek Sayer,

''The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History''. Princeton University Press, 2000

 

Soon after 1938 it became clear that the Western allies (France, Great Britain) had failed to fulfill the agreements (see [[การทรยศโดยชาติตะวันตก]]), and failed to defend Czechoslovakia against [[อดอล์ฟ ฮิตเลอร์]]. Karel Čapek refused to leave his country&nbsp;– despite the fact that the Nazi [[เกสตาโป]] had named him Czechoslovakia's "public enemy number two".{{ต้องการอ้างอิงเฉพาะส่วน|date=July 2012}} Although he suffered all his life from the condition [[spondyloarthritis]], Karel Čapek died of [[ปอดบวม|double pneumonia]], on 25 December 1938, shortly after part of Czechoslovakia was annexed by Nazi Germany following the so-called [[ความตกลงมิวนิก]]. Čapek is buried at the [[Vyšehrad cemetery]] in Prague. His brother [[Josef Čapek]], a painter and writer, died in the Nazi [[Bergen-Belsen concentration camp|Bergen-Belsen]] [[concentration camp]].<ref>"...his brother and artistic collaborator Josef met his death in Bergen-Belsen."

[[Adam Roberts (British writer)|Adam Roberts]], "Introduction", to ''RUR & War with the Newts''. London, Gollancz, 2011,

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