ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "อู๋ซี"

|image_caption = Clockwise from the top left: Wuxi International Software Park, the Ling Shan Grand Buddha on Mt. Longshan, night on the Kuntang Bridge over the [[Grand Canal, Chinaคลองต้ายวิ่นเหอ|old Grand Canal]], downtown Wuxi, and the Meiyuan Nianpo Pagoda on Lake Tai.

|subdivision_name = [[People's Republic of Chinaประเทศจีน]]

|subdivision_name1subdivision_name1 = [[Jiangsuมณฑลเจียงซู]]

|subdivision_type3subdivision_type3 = [[County-level divisionเขตการปกครองของจีน|County-level divisions]]

|subdivision_type4subdivision_type4 = [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of Chinaเขตการปกครองของจีน#Township level|Township-level divisions]]

|leader_title = [[Communist Party of Chinaพรรคคอมมิวนิสต์แห่งประเทศจีน|CPC]] Municipal Secretary

|leader_title1leader_title1 = [[Mayorนายกเทศมนตรี]]

|blank1_nameblank1_name =[[Gross domestic productผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ|GDP]] (2011)

|blank1_infoblank1_info =[[Renminbiเหรินหมินปี้|CNY]] 688.015 billion <ref name="english.jschina.com.cn">{{cite web|author=Cici |url=http://english.jschina.com.cn/Business/201202/t956871t956871.shtml |title=Wuxi's per capita GDP in 2011 ranks 1st1st in Jiangsu Province_JSCHINA |publisher=English.jschina.com.cn |date=2012-02-02 |accessdate=2012-06-08}}</ref>

|blank2_infoblank2_info =[[Renminbiเหรินหมินปี้|CNY]] 107,400 <!-- ([[List of China administrative regions by GDP per capita|2nd2nd]]) -->

|blank3_nameblank3_name = [[Chinese languageกลุ่มภาษาจีน|Local Dialect]]

|blank3_infoblank3_info = [[Wu Chineseภาษาจีนอู๋|Wu]]: [[Wuxi dialect]]

Split in half by [[Lake Tai]], Wuxi borders [[Changzhou]] to the west and [[Suzhouซูโจว]] to the east. The [[Yangtze Riverแม่น้ำแยงซี]] lies between the northern half of Wuxi and [[Taizhou, Jiangsu|Taizhou]], while the southern half of the city borders the province of [[Zhejiangมณฑลเจ้อเจียง]]. Wuxi is also famous for being one of the birthplaces of China's modern industry and commerce, as well as the hometown of many important businessmen, who played essential roles in building modern [[Shanghaiเซี่ยงไฮ้]] commerce since the early 20th20th century.

The modern name consists of the [[Chinese charactersอักษรจีน]] {{lang|zh|{{linktext|无}}}} ("without, lacking") and {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|锡}}}} ("[[tinดีบุก]]") and simply means "No tin". However, some scholars believe the name may have originally been "{{lang|zh-hant|{{linktext|吳|墟}}}}" ("Ruins of [[state of Wu|Wu]]") from Meicun's role as the original capital of the region or from a Chinese transcription of an indigenous [[Baiyue]] name honoring a bird deity.<ref>"[http://www.xzetc.gov.cn/wuxi/wuxi-1.htm Origin of the name 'Wuxi']" ("“无锡”地名的由来"). {{zh-icon}}</ref><ref>"[http://bbs.gucas.ac.cn/pc/pcarch.php?userid=smiles&y=2006&m=5 而今现在]". {{zh-icon}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.wst.net.cn/wuxifq/history.html 无锡市]". {{zh-icon}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.yn.xinhuanet.com/live/2008-12/25/content_15281990content_15281990.htm Wuxi]" ("无锡"). {{zh-icon}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.wxrb.com/501/wwh/wwh_1wwh_1/200910/t20091015_533410t20091015_533410.html 考“无锡”地名的由来]". {{zh-icon}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.wxxf.net.cn/whty/wxwh/6647.shtml 无锡地名典故]". {{zh-icon}}</ref>

Former spellings include '''Wu-shi''', '''Wushi''', and '''Wu-hsi'''. In [[Shanghaineseภาษาจีนเซี่ยงไฮ้]], it is pronounced {{IPA-wuu|ɦuɕiɪʔɦuɕiɪʔ|}}.

According to [[Records of the Grand Historian|traditional Chinese historians]], two [[state of Zhouราชวงศ์โจว|Zhou]] princes, [[Wu Taibo|Taibo]] and [[Zhongyong of Wu|Zhongyong]], founded the first Chinese state in the area of Wuxi around the 11th11th century BC. This [[state of Wu]] ({{lang|zh|吳}}) had its first capital at [[Meili]], generally thought to be the village of Meicun in Wuxi (although some records indicate a location closer to Wu's later capitals around [[Suzhouซูโจว]]). {{citation needed|date=November 2012}} Taibo and Zhongyong helped develop Wu's agriculture and waterways and the area soon flourished. Taibo died without an heir, and Zhongyong succeeded him as [[king of Wu (disambiguation)|king of Wu]]. His descendants were later officially enfeoffed by the [[Zhou dynastyราชวงศ์โจว|Zhou court]] as vassals before declaring themselves full kings again during the [[Spring and Autumn Periodยุคชุนชิว]].

A shrine to Taibo was set up in today's Meicun. Although the original wood structure was eventually destroyed in war, it has been rebuilt several times. {{citation needed|date=November 2012}} A stone carved with sayings by [[Confuciusขงจื๊อ]] can still be seen at the modern [[Taibo Shrine]], whose architecture dates mostly to the [[Qing dynastyราชวงศ์ชิง]].

===Spring and Autumn Periodยุคชุนชิว and Warring States Period===

The State of Wu became one of the strongest kingdoms during the [[ยุคชุนชิว]] (Spring and Autumn Period]]) . Sunzi ([[Suntzuซุนวู]]), who wrote the famous "[[ตำราพิชัยสงครามของซุนวู]] (the Art of War]])" came to Wu and helped the king with his military affairs. Wu was considered one of the seven strongest kingdoms during this period{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}. Some of Sunzi's descendants still live in Sunxiang in Wuxi near [[the Plum Garden]]. However, Wu was later defeated by the [[State of Yue]], today's [[Zhejiangมณฑลเจ้อเจียง]] and [[Fujianมณฑลฝูเจี้ยน]], which in turn was overthrown by the [[Chu (state)|State of Chu]] and incorporated into Chu during the [[ยุคจั้นกั๋ว]] (Warring States period]]).

The cultural and economic center of the "Wu" area shifted to Suzhou after the reign of the first [[Qin Dynastyราชวงศ์ฉิน]] emperor, [[จิ๋นซีฮ่องเต้]] (Qin Shi Huang]]), who united China; Wuxi at that time belonged to Suzhou. During the [[Han dynastyราชวงศ์ฮั่น]], Wuxi was set up as a county by emperor [[Han Wudiจักรพรรดิฮั่นอู่]]. Historic records show that [[tinดีบุก]] was discovered during the early Han era, leading to conflicts in the area. Soon, however, the tin was depleted. This is generally believed to be the origin of the name Wuxi, meaning "no tin." Recent scholarship has brought this explanation into doubt, however. It is claimed that "Wu" is one of the auxiliary suffixes common in the local dialect. This is similar to referring to Suzhou as "Gusu" and Wu as "Gowu". The name was changed to Youxi (有錫), meaning "having tin", during the [[จักรพรรดิซินเกาจู่]] (Wang Mang]]) conflicts period because Wang wanted to change the name.

[[Agricultureเกษตรกรรม]] and silk industry flourished in Wuxi especially after the construction of [[Grand Canalคลองต้ายวิ่นเหอ]] (China)|the Grand Canal]]). Although Suzhou became a bigger center of the Wu area, Wuxi is still important in the county of Wu.

Agriculture, with rice and fish as major products, and industry continued to develop then in the early 20th20th century, Wuxi became a center of the textile industry in China and one of the four most important rice markets nationwide. During the period between 1900 and 1940, Wuxi was considered one of the most important counties in China. In dramatist [[Cao Yu]]'s well-known drama "[[Thunderstorm (play)|''Thunderstorm'']]", Wuxi was mentioned several times with a comment "Wuxi is a good place". After the [[People's Republic of Chinaประเทศจีน]] was set up by [[พรรคคอมมิวนิสต์แห่งประเทศจีน]] (Communist Party of China|communists]]) in 1949, Wuxi continued to grow in importance, with the establishment of more textile production and both light and heavy industry. This city was considered the second most important city in Jiangsu Province after the capital [[Nanjingหนานจิง]]. However, its developmental model has been criticized for the environmental deterioration caused. New strategies are now under consideration to ensure its sustainable development.

[[File:Wuxi environs map.png|image|right|400px400px|thumb|Map showing the city Wuxi (Arrowed ) and its relation to the City of [[Shanghaiเซี่ยงไฮ้]], The [[Yangtseแม่น้ำแยงซี]] River and [[Lake Taihu]].]]

Wuxi itself is on an alluvial plain of deep sedimentary deposits cut between [[limestoneหินปูน]] (limestoneX foothills, making it one of the sources for "[[Chinese scholar's rocks|scholar's rocks]]", the intricately weathered stones which were used as devices for [[contemplation]].

Wuxi is hot and humid in summer and chilly and damp in winter, with an average annual temperature of {{convert|18|°C|0|abbr=on}} and very occasional snow. Because of its proximity to the [[ทะเลจีนตะวันออก]] (East China Sea]]), it has a [[monsoonมรสุม]] season and receives {{convert|100|cm|0|abbr=off}} of rain annually. {{citation needed|date=December 2011}}

The [[prefecture-level city]] of Wuxi administers nine [[county-level divisionเขตการปกครองของจีน]]s, including 7 [[District of China|districts]] and 2 [[county-level city|county-level cities]]. The information here presented uses the metric system and data from 2010 Census.

These districts are sub-divided into 73 [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of Chinaเขตการปกครองของจีน#Township level|township-level divisions]], including 59 [[town of China|towns]] and 24 [[subdistrict]]s.

Currently Wuxi is designated as an [[investmentiการลงทุน]] grade city, and has two large industrial parks devoted to new industries. {{citation needed|date=December 2011}},While being the current [[manufacturing]] centers on [[textileผ้า]]s(textiles), there are projects to move to [[มอเตอร์]] (electric motor]]) manufacturing and MRP [[software development]]. Wuxi is the solar technology hub in China as two major photovoltaic companies are based in the city. They are [[Suntech Power]] and [[Jetion Holdings Ltd]] which are listed on overseas stock exchanges.

In 2008 new energy industries were worth 37.8 Billion RMB, with the solar photovoltaic industry accounting for 30.2 Billion RMB of the total.<ref>China Business News http://thechinaperspective.com/articles/wuxicitywantsroleingreenenergy6391wuxicitywantsroleingreenenergy6391/index.html</ref> The [[Gross Domestic Productผลิตภัณฑ์มวลรวมในประเทศ|GDP]] per capita was ¥107,400 (US$17,050) in 2011, ranked first in [[Jiangsuมณฑลเจียงซู]], ahead of [[Nanjingหนานจิง]] and [[Suzhouซูโจว]].<ref name="english.jschina.com.cn"/>

In modern times Wuxi has produced a number of cultural figures such as [[Hua Yanjun]] (1893–19501893–1950) also known as "Blind [[Abing]]" (瞎子阿炳), famous for his [[erhu]] and [[pipaผีผา]] (pipa) music. Another famous musician is [[Liu Tianhua]], who was the first to compile folk music using staff.

Wuxi is situated on the [[Shanghai–NanjingShanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway]], linking it directly with the provincial capital of Nanjing (1.5 hours) and China's economic hub, [[Shanghaiเซี่ยงไฮ้]] (45 minutes train-ride) and the fifth biggest economic hub and tourist destination Suzhou (24 minutes). [[K-series (train)|K-series]] trains all stop at Wuxi.

Wuxi [[Shuofang International Airport]], which opened in 2004, is situated {{Convert|14|km|mi}} from the city centre and has direct flights to [[Beijingปักกิ่ง]], [[Guangzhouกว่างโจว]], [[Shenzhenเซินเจิ้น]], [[Hong Kongเขตบริหารพิเศษฮ่องกง]], [[Taipeiไทเป]], [[Singaporeประเทศสิงคโปร์]], and [[Osakaโอซะกะ]].

The city was built on the shore of [[Lake Tai]] with the lake providing a rich tourism resource. Noted spots include [[Yuantouzhu]] (the Islet of Turtlehead) and [[Taihu Xiandao]] (Islands of the Deities). Completed in 2008, this {{Convert|115|m|ft|adj=on}} tall [[Ferris wheelชิงช้าสวรรค์#Star of Lake Tai|Ferris wheel]] takes 18 minutes to complete one revolution. Passengers can enjoy the scenery of Lake Tai and the city center. At night, lighting effects are switched on around the wheel.<ref name="startai">{{cite web|url=http://travel.synyan.net/2008/%e6e6%a2a2%81%e6e6%ba%aa%e6e6%bc%ab%e5e5%bf%9707%e8e8%a0a0%a1a1%e6e6%b9b9%96%e5e5%9f9f%8e8e%e5e5%a4a4%aa%e6e6%b9b9%96%e4e4%b9b9%8b8b%e6e6%98%9f9f/ |title=梁溪漫志(07)：蠡湖城太湖之星 |accessdate=2012-04-25 |author=synyan |date=2008-10-19 |language=zh }}</ref>

The [[Grand Canal (China)คลองต้ายวิ่นเหอ|Grand Canal]] passes through the city. There are two canals: one is the old canal that has been there since it was excavated, the other is the new canal created after 1949.

Located in Yixing (part of Wuxi), Shan Juan Cave is a 4-star scenic zone. The Chinese Romeo and Juliet, [[Butterflyม่านประเพณี Lovers|Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai]] (Butterfly Lovers) were said to study behind the cave.

*[[Xu Xiake]] (1587–16411587–1641), [[Ming Dynastyราชวงศ์หมิง]] traveller and writer.

*[[Rong Desheng]] (荣德生, 1875–19521875–1952), the largest national capitalist{{Clarify|reason=what does this mean? He owned the biggest company or what?|date=May 2012}} in the [[Republic of Chinaประเทศไต้หวัน]] era, most noted for his contribution to the Chinese textile industry.

*[[Dingดิง Junhuiจุงฮุย]] Ding Junhui (1987-), [[Snookerสนุกเกอร์]] player.

*[[Zhou Yongkang]] (1942-), senior [[Communist Party of Chinaพรรคคอมมิวนิสต์แห่งประเทศจีน]] leader.