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KLL Joe (คุย | ส่วนร่วม)
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KLL Joe (คุย | ส่วนร่วม)
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บรรทัด 101:
by Kimberly Collins, Gabe Hinkebein, and Staci Schorgl</ref><ref>[http://www.crimelibrary.com/terrorists_spies/assassins/john_hinckley/11.html Verdict and Uproar] by Denise Noe</ref>โดยการกระทำดังกล่าวผู้ต้องหาตัดผมทรงโมฮอคเลียนแบบโรเบิร์ด เดอ นิโร
 
==ดูเพิ่มเติม==
==Interpretations of the ending==
*[[:en:Assassinations in fiction#Films|Assassinations in fiction]]
[[Roger Ebert]] has written of the film's ending:<blockquote>
*"[[:en:You talkin' to me?]]"
"There has been much discussion about the ending, in which we see newspaper clippings about Travis's 'heroism' of saving Iris, and then Betsy gets into his cab and seems to give him admiration instead of her earlier disgust. Is this a fantasy scene? Did Travis survive the shoot-out? Are we experiencing his dying thoughts? Can the sequence be accepted as literally true? ... I am not sure there can be an answer to these questions. The end sequence plays like music, not drama: It completes the story on an emotional, not a literal, level. We end not on carnage but on redemption, which is the goal of so many of Scorsese's characters."<ref>[http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=//20040101/REVIEWS08/401010364/1023 Ebert's Review of Taxi Driver] Rogerebert.com 1 January 2004. Retrieved 10 March 2007.</ref>
</blockquote>
[[James Berardinelli]], in his review of the film, argues against the dream or fantasy interpretation, stating:<blockquote>"Scorsese and writer Paul Schrader append the perfect conclusion to ''Taxi Driver''. Steeped in irony, the five-minute epilogue underscores the vagaries of fate. The media builds Bickle into a hero, when, had he been a little quicker drawing his gun against Senator Palantine, he would have been reviled as an assassin. As the film closes, the [[misanthropy|misanthrope]] has been embraced as the model citizen—someone who takes on pimps, drug dealers, and mobsters to save one little girl."<ref>[http://www.reelviews.net/php_review_template.php?identifier=203 ReelViews Movie Review<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref></blockquote>
 
On the [[Laserdisc]] [[audio commentary]], Scorsese acknowledged several [[Film criticism|critics]]' interpretation on the film's ending being Bickle's dying dream. However, he admitted that the last scene of Bickle glancing at an unseen object implies that he might fall into rage and recklessness in the future, and he is like "a ticking time bomb."<ref>''Taxi Driver'' Laserdisc Commentary</ref> Writer Paul Schrader confirms this in his commentary on the 30th anniversary [[DVD]], stating that Travis "is not cured by the movie's end," and that, "he's not going to be a hero next time."<ref>''Taxi Driver'' Audio Commentary with Paul Schrader</ref>
 
==Reception==
''Taxi Driver'' was a financial success earning $28,262,574 in the United States.<ref>[http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=taxidriver.htm Box Office Mojo - Taxi Driver] Retrieved 31 March 2007</ref> [[Roger Ebert]] instantly praised it as one of the greatest films he’d ever seen, claiming: <blockquote>"Taxi Driver" is a hell, from the opening shot of a cab emerging from stygian clouds of steam to the climactic killing scene in which the camera finally looks straight down. Scorsese wanted to look away from Travis's rejection; we almost want to look away from his life. But he's there, all right, and he's suffering.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19760101%2FREVIEWS%2F601010312%2F1023&AID1=%2F19760101%2FREVIEWS%2F601010312%2F1023&AID2=%2F20040101%2FREVIEWS08%2F401010364%2F1023 | work=Chicago Sun-Times | title=Taxi Driver}}</ref></blockquote> It was also nominated for four [[Academy Awards]], including [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]], [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] (De Niro), and received the [[Palme d'Or]], at the [[1976 Cannes Film Festival]].<ref>[http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/2123/year/1976.html Cannes Film Festival] Retrieved 10 March 2007.</ref> It has been selected for preservation in the United States [[National Film Registry]].<ref>[http://www.loc.gov/film/titles.html Films Selected to The National Film Registry, Library of Congress, 1989–2005] Retrieved 10 March 2007.</ref> The film was chosen by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' as one of the [[Time's All-TIME 100 Movies|100 best films of all time]].<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/2005/100movies/the_complete_list.html The Complete List - ALL-TIME 100 Movies - TIME]</ref>
 
As of 2010, [[Rotten Tomatoes]] reported that 98% of critics gave positive reviews.<ref>[http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/taxi_driver/ Taxi Driver], [[Rotten Tomatoes]]. Retrieved 4 October 2008</ref>
 
The July/August 2009 issue of ''[[Film Comment]]'' polled several critics on the best films to win the [[Palme d'Or]] at the [[Cannes Film Festival]]. ''Taxi Driver'' placed first above films such as ''[[Il Gattopardo]]'', ''[[Viridiana]]'', ''[[Blowup]]'', ''[[The Conversation]]'', ''[[Apocalypse Now]]'', ''[[La Dolce Vita]]'' and ''[[Pulp Fiction]]''.<ref name="Film Society for Lincoln Center">{{cite web | url=http://www.filmlinc.com/fcm/ja09/palme.htm | title=List of best films to win Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival | publisher=Film Society for Lincoln Center | accessdate=2010-02-24}}</ref>
 
In the [[American Film Institute]]'s [[AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes and Villains|top 50 movie villains of all time]], Bickle was named the 30th greatest film [[villain]]. ''[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]'' also ranked him 18th in their "The 100 Greatest Movie Characters" poll.<ref>{{cite news | title=The 100 Greatest Movie Characters | work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] | url=http://www.empireonline.com/100-greatest-movie-characters/default.asp?c=18 | accessdate=2008-12-02 }}</ref>
 
==Legacy==
''Taxi Driver'', ''[[American Gigolo]]'', ''[[Light Sleeper]]'', and ''[[The Walker]]'' make up a series referred to variously as the "Man in a Room" or "Night Worker" movies. Screenwriter [[Paul Schrader]] (who directed the other three films) has stated that he considers the central characters of the four films to be one character, who has changed as he has aged.<ref name="bbc.co.uk">[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/arts/filmprogramme/rams/filmprogramme_20070810.ram Interview with [[Paul Schrader]], BBC Radio 4's Film Programme, 10 August 2007]</ref><ref name="Filmmaker Magazine, Fall 1992">[http://www.filmmakermagazine.com/fall1992/movie_high.php Filmmaker Magazine, Fall 1992]</ref>
 
''Taxi Driver'' influenced the Charles Winkler film ''You Talkin' to Me?''<ref>[http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/55921/You-Talkin-to-Me-/overview New York Times film overview]</ref>
 
''Taxi Driver'' is referenced in the song "Red Angel Dragnet" on The Clash's 1982 record ''[[Combat Rock]]''.
 
==Home video releases==
The first collector's edition (DVD), released was in 1999 packaged as a single disc edition release. It contained special features such as behind-the-scenes and several trailers including one, for ''Taxi Driver''.
 
In 2006, a 30th anniversary 2-disc collector's edition was released. The first disc contains the movie itself, two commentaries (one by writer Paul Schrader and the other by Professor Robert Kolker), and trailers. This edition also retains some of the special features from the earlier release on the second disc, as well as some newly-produced documentary material.
 
A [[Blu-ray Disc|Blu-ray]] of the film was released on April 5, 2011, in time to commemorate the film's 35th anniversary. It includes the special features from the previous 2-disc collector's edition, plus an audio commentary released in 1991 by director Martin Scorsese for The Criterion Collection, previously released on [[Laserdisc]].
 
As part of the Blu-ray production, Sony gave the film a full [[4K resolution|4K]] digital restoration, which included scanning and cleaning the original negative (removing emulsion dirt and scratches). Colors were matched to director-approved prints under guidance from Scorsese and director of photography Michael Chapman. An all new [[lossless]] [[DTS-HD Master Audio]] [[5.1 surround sound|5.1]] soundtrack was also made from the original [[Stereophonic sound|stereo]] recordings by Scorsese's personal sound team.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://homecinema.thedigitalfix.co.uk/content/id/73600/taxi-driver-35th-ae-us-bd-in-april.html |title=Home Cinema @ The Digital Fix - Taxi Driver 35th AE (US BD) in April |publisher=Homecinema.thedigitalfix.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2011-07-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://social.entertainment.msn.com/movies/blogs/the-hitlist-blogpost.aspx?post=c2f22215-59e9-4fee-8ff8-de9b684b8a65|title=From Berlin: 4K 'Taxi Driver' World Premiere|publisher=MSN}}</ref> The restored print premiered in February 2011 at the Berlin Film Festival, and to promote the Blu-ray, Sony also had the print screened at AMC Theaters nationwide on March 19 and 22.
 
==Sequel==
In late January 2005 a sequel was announced by Robert De Niro and Martin Scorsese.<ref name="New Taxi Driver suggested">{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2005/feb/02/news.xanbrooks |title=Scorsese and De Niro plan Taxi Driver sequel |publisher=The Guardian |date=2005-02-05 |accessdate=2010-02-24 | location=London | first=Xan | last=Brooks}}</ref> At a 25th anniversary screening of ''[[Raging Bull]]'', De Niro talked about the story of an older Travis Bickle being in development. Also in 2000, De Niro mentioned interest in bringing back the character in conversation with [[Actors Studio]] host [[James Lipton]].<ref name="Taxi Driver 2">{{cite web |last=Saravia |first=Jerry |url=http://www.geocities.com/faustus_08520/taxidriver2.html |title=Taxi Driver 2: Bringing Out Travis |publisher=faustus |accessdate=2010-02-24|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20091027025319/http://www.geocities.com/faustus_08520/taxidriver2.html|archivedate=2009-10-27}}</ref>
 
 
==American Film Institute recognition==
'''American Film Institute recognition'''
*[[AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies]] - #47
*[[AFI's 100 Years... 100 Thrills]] - #22
*[[AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes and Villains]]:
**Travis Bickle, Villain #30
*[[AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)]] - #52
*[[AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes]] - #10
**for the line "[[You talkin' to me?]]"
 
==Awards==
'''Wins'''
* [[BAFTA Award|BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role]] ([[Jodie Foster]])
* [[BAFTA Award|BAFTA Award for Best Newcomer]] (Jodie Foster)
* [[BAFTA Award|BAFTA Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music]] ([[Bernard Herrmann]])
* [[Cannes Film Festival]]&nbsp;– [[Palme d'Or]]
* [[New York Film Critics Circle Awards|New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor]] ([[Robert De Niro]])
 
'''Nominations'''
* [[Academy Award for Best Picture]]
* [[Academy Award for Best Actor]] ([[Robert De Niro]])
* [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]] ([[Jodie Foster]])
* [[Academy Award for Original Music Score]] ([[Bernard Herrmann]])
* [[BAFTA Award for Best Film]]
* [[BAFTA Award|BAFTA Award for Direction]] ([[Martin Scorsese]])
* [[BAFTA Award|BAFTA Award for Best Editing]] ([[Marcia Lucas]], Tom Rolf, Melvin Shapiro)
* [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama]] (Robert De Niro)
* [[Golden Globe|Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay - Motion Picture]] ([[Paul Schrader]])
* [[Directors Guild of America Awards|DGA Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures]] (Martin Scorsese)
* [[Writers Guild of America, East|WGA Award for Best Drama Written Directly for the Screen]] (Paul Schrader)
* [[Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media|Grammy Award for Best Original Score Written for a Motion Picture]] (Bernard Herrmann)
 
==See also==
*[[Assassinations in fiction#Films|Assassinations in fiction]]
*"[[You talkin' to me?]]"
 
==Notes==
เส้น 186 ⟶ 117:
{{Martin Scorsese}}
{{Palme d'Or 1960-1979}}
 
[[Category:1976 films]]
[[Category:1998 soundtracks]]
[[Category:Arista Records soundtracks]]
[[Category:Bernard Herrmann albums]]
[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:English-language films]]
[[Category:1970s drama films]]
[[Category:American drama films]]
[[Category:Columbia Pictures films]]
[[Category:Films about prostitution]]
[[Category:Films directed by Martin Scorsese]]
[[Category:Films set in New York City]]
[[Category:Films shot in New York City]]
[[Category:Palme d'Or winners]]
[[Category:United States National Film Registry films]]
[[Category:Vigilante films]]
[[Category:Film soundtracks]]
 
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